Three main aspects of composting will be covered in this section. Firstly, the generic principles of managing conventional (i.e. non-mortality) composting with turned windrows or piles will be discussed because this type of technology is used extensively throughout Australia. Secondly, we will cover the specific case of mortality composting to dispose of routine carcasses from poultry facilities. These two systems are significantly common because mortalities can also be composted in windrows, but different approaches to setting up and managing the process are needed. In the third section, process monitoring and troubleshooting will be covered.