Best practice litter management manual for Australian meat chicken farms

• About
• Authors
• Acknowledgements
• Abbreviations and definitions
• Glossary
• Executive summary
• Introduction
• Impacts of bedding type and litter management
  • Meat chicken health
  • Human health
  • Amenity impacts
• Key factors in bedding material selection
  • Type of bedding
  • Important considerations
  • Contaminants
  • Cost and availability
  • Litter re-use considerations
  • Spent litter utilisation considerations
• Properties of common bedding materials
  • Bedding material selection guide
• Sourcing litter and quality control
  • Supply
  • Quality
  • Bedding material sourcing and quality control guide
• Litter pre-treatment and additives
  • Preparing litter
  • Litter additives
  • Pre-treatment guide
• Shed heating and cooling to manage litter moisture
  • Shed ventilation systems
  • Heating, relative humidity and ventilation
  • Odour and dust emissions
  • Ammonia control via ventilation
  • Shed heating and cooling to control litter moisture guide
• Wet litter management
  • Defining litter conditions
  • Factors contributing to wet litter
  • Impacts of wet litter and remediation
  • In-shed litter management guide
• Caking and litter conditioning
  • What causes caking
  • Litter conditioning and de-caking
  • Managing caked litter guide
• Litter pests and diseases
  • Darkling beetle
  • Flies
  • Pest management guide
• Litter clean-out
  • Litter clean-out practices
  • Litter clean-out guide
• Litter re-use
  • Application in the Australian chicken meat industry
  • Practical and economic considerations
  • Litter re-use guide
• Spent litter utilisation
  • Land application of spent litter – composition
  • Land application of spent litter – uses and application
  • Land application of spent litter – most suitable for land application
  • Contaminant hazards – chemicals
  • Contaminant hazards – heavy metals
  • Contaminant hazards – pathogens
  • Restricted uses
  • Additional guidance
  • Other options to utilise and treat spent litter – energy recover
  • Other options to utilise and treat spent litter – composting
  • Spent litter utilisation guide
• The role of litter in the Australian chicken meat industry
• Management of common bedding materials
  • Wood shavings
  • Recycled wood chips
  • Sawdust
  • Chopped straw
  • Rice hulls
• Troubleshooting guide for litter management
• Example agreement for the removal and use of spent litter from a meat chicken farm
• References